how much did clothes cost in 1900

Levi 501s, which were once sold as workmen's clothes, are now a fashion item—and in real terms cost 160% more than in 1900. A much greater proportion of a family's time, especially the mother's, was spent on producing and caring for clothing than is usual now, even though constant laundering of garments was not done. But other records reveal wide variations even over the single decade since 1990. They had been awarded an increase by the Chain Trade Board, which more than doubled their earnings to 11 shillings a week. 1900s Choose a decade below, or use the drop down boxes on the tabs above. Take George, a 60-year-old, who smokes, drinks whisky and wears suits. In class-conscious 19th-century society, fashion was key as a way of demonstrating social position and wealth. lb., oysters, the best natives, 7d. Many factory workers were Italian and Jewish immigrants. Wages are much harder to equate. The price of The Economist has broadly matched inflation. Isabella reporting, There are many misconceptions flying around the internet about how many clothes an 18th c. woman owned. Mr. Patterson found the following information on the cost of living in England in 1888 in an article entitled "Life on a Guinea a Week" in The Nineteenth Century (1888), p. 464. Wages are much harder to equate. This is the only category of child-rearing in which costs have actually gone down since 1960. We and our partners will store and/or access information on your device through the use of cookies and similar technologies, to display personalised ads and content, for ad and content measurement, audience insights and product development. He pays a hefty premium for medical insurance, and has to meet his son's college fees. Children’s Costume History Colouring in Picture 1890 to 1900 C20th Edwardian Children’s Fashions By Pauline Weston Thomas for Fashion-Era.com Children’s C20th Costume History 1890 to 1900 Colouring in Picture of Children Fashions These costume colouring in pictures reflect the variety of clothes styles girls mostly wore. Prices are in Pounds (£)/ Shillings (S)/ Pence (d). But electricity, bicycles, cars, even eggs (thanks to battery hens) also have fallen. Levi 501s, which were once sold as workmen's clothes, are now a fashion item—and in real terms cost 160% more than in 1900. and 8½d. •The real prices of cigarettes and beer have soared: blame governments and higher excise duties. A properly dressed gentleman in 1900 would have spent between $7 and $16 on his suit, $1 on each of his dress shirts, around $7 on his topcoat and 48 cents for a fine felt hat. The chart also reveals some broader trends. According to Globalissues.org, "Almost half the world—over three billion people—live on less than $2.50 a day." But recent price plunges have been much bigger than in those earlier revolutions (see chart 3). Get the best deals on 1900s Decade Vintage Dresses for Women when you shop the largest online selection at eBay.com. The young are also more likely to seek out low prices on the net. Poor Victorians were not able to spend very much money on clothes. Abbey Road - house mortgage 6d. At the other extreme, he made a three-minute telephone call to Chicago (to a lady, we suspect, from other evidence, and plainly not his wife; for the latter, he evidently brought back—and charged to this paper—a 49-cent souvenir from Niagara Falls). The question now is, how did these costs depend on the distance of the call. N ot a fashion icon in the strictest sense, Anna Muthesius (Fig. So the cost of a unit of computer processing power has fallen by 99% over the decade. You can change your choices at any time by visiting Your Privacy Controls. Image showing a mother and daughter from a wealthy Victorian family. Think about paying $900+ for a plain pair of yellow, steel toe workboots, or 1/10th of that for one dozen eggs. Move on to find out more about the clothes of the rich and poor. The typical person spent 13-15% of their income on clothing, or less if you were very poor. This article describes the coinage, wages and the cost of living in London from the late seventeenth century to the beginning of the twentieth century. graphic t-shirt - about 50 cents a pair of shoes - $1.00 What about the past decade? Copyright © The Economist Newspaper Limited 2021. As our comparisons show, even if general inflation remains low, relative prices can shift significantly over as short a time as a decade, let alone a century, thanks to productivity gains brought by technological improvements, or to changes in demand; or, very often, both. Shoes cost a fortune, nearly as much as rent or mortgage. The price of a personal computer is down only 40%—but it is far more powerful. How much did a pair of shoes cost in 1900\'s? Our colleague's hotel room in New York cost him $8 a night in 1900; the same hotel would charge $600 today, a 75-fold leap. The period between 1901 and 1910 was known as the Edwardian era after Queen Victoria's successor, King Edward VII. Televisions were very expensive. The rental cost was £11-12-6 in the part year of 1959 and £26-10-8 in the following full year of 1960. The cost of clothing has come down significantly with recent decades of international trade. This statistic includes children. He has spent a combined total of 10 years in prison for showing too much skin in public, having been arrested multiple times. Beef and mutton were then 7½d. Free shipping on many items | Browse your favorite brands | affordable prices. a day. I estimate that wages have risen about 50 times, in other words, twice what the CPI rose. Clothing, 1900–18 - Fashion, Costume, and Culture: Clothing, Headwear, Body Decorations, and Footwear through the Ages Clothing, 1900–18 The period from the turn of the twentieth century to the end of World War I (1914–18) was one of great transition in the world of fashion. The Cost of Living. Writing for History Extra, Pam Inder shares the stories of those who dressed the … •In many labour-intensive services, offering little scope for productivity gains, prices have soared, in real terms: most notably, hotel rooms, theatre seats, and the cost of employing a butler or housekeeper (assuming their pay rose in line with average earnings). Thank you very much for your answer, Jeff. A suit worn once or twice a week would last 3 years with good care. During the 1900s, clothing was made of flannel, linen, wool, silk, muslin and cotton; the cotton, muslin and linen were often starched heavily. According to "Historical Boy's Clothing," wool was typically used in more formal clothing. We look back at prices on everyday items, from gas and stamps to milk and eggs, in 1985, the midpoint of … People and firms have taken up the new technology rapidly (so pushing its cost down still further); in the case of the Internet, even more rapidly than with previous technologies. History of laundry - after 1800 Washing clothes and household linen: 19th century laundry methods and equipment The information here follows on from a page about the earlier history of laundry.Both parts offer an overview of the way clothes and household linen were washed in Europe, North America, and the English-speaking world, and are also a guide to the other … •In contrast, not just are American petrol prices low, compared with those in other countries; they are also 50% lower, in real terms, than a century ago. 1940-1949. In 1900, much of the everyday clothing was made at home, but ready made clothing was beginning to be sold in catalogs such as Sears. That gives us a multiplier of about 27 for both. 1930-1939. Unlike today people didn't go into a store in the 1800's and buy clothes. The price of clothing and footwear have risen for first time since early 1990s, according to official figures, raising the fear that the era of … For less formal wear, girls might wear pinafore dresses over blouses and their clothing tended to be much simpler than their adult counterparts. -“Tooth soap” cost $0.25 (1896) -Board at Clemson College for 40 weeks cost $59 (1896) -A home on Flatbush Ave in Brooklyn, NY cost $7,000 to $12,000 (1901) -One Oldsmobile cost $650 (1904) -One pound of coffee cost $0.15 -$1 in 1900 = $26.40 today The beginning of the 20th century is known as the Progressive Era. •Some goods that have seen their brand name and image strengthened have also seen fat price rises. It's very true Rita - when I do my talks on the history of fashion, I always mention how much more expensive clothes were in the past. After the era of double-digit inflation in the 1970s and early 1980s, average consumer-price inflation in the developed world has fallen to around 2%, which broadly matches central bankers' definition of “price stability”. If you take a look, however, at the document I linked above, costs had already decreased quite substantially by 1927 and the years after. Unlike today people didn't go into a store in the 1800's and buy clothes. Shoes cost a fortune, nearly as much as rent or mortgage. Like all electrical goods, they have become much cheaper in real terms over the years. The average wage earner only made $16.00 a week. Mail Coach Guard ... 10/0 + tips 2. To enable Verizon Media and our partners to process your personal data select 'I agree', or select 'Manage settings' for more information and to manage your choices. Prices are in Pounds (£)/ Shillings (S)/ Pence (d). How much did clothes cost in the 1920s? How have the prices changed over those 100 years? But how much did it cost to remain à la mode and who were the people who made these clothes? In contrast, the prices of services such as medical care, a hotel stay and domestic help have continued to rise sharply. But in general many older people do indeed face higher inflation than the young. All though women did cut back on the number and style of clothes, Ladies Hats were still an integral part of any Ladies wardrobe Ladies Newport Matinee hat $1.59 The sleeves of most of the 1930s dresses and outfits referenced in this article are of ¾ length or shorter. Many employers refused to pay, leading to a strike that lasted for several weeks and ended in victory It is fascinating, anyway. 6d. Stephen Gough likes to be naked; so much so, it has cost him his freedom. 2d. All the programmes were in black and white not colour. In 1900, a policeman in a medium to large city might make $800-$1,000/year. One consequence of wide changes in relative prices is that individuals may face widely differing inflation rates, if their spending differs much from the national average. •Second, for many goods, the figures overstate the true increase in unit price, because they do not take account of improvements in quality. Examples: How much did a gallon of gasoline cost back in 1956? The Victoria and Albert Museum writes, “from 1914 to the end of the decade, many men were photographed in military uniform” (History of Fashion 1900-1970). Rice is about $2 a pound right now, basic roasting beef is about $3 a pound. 1960: $22,222 2015: $14,017. Much more variable was the "real wage" or cost of living experienced by most Londoners. Young girls wore dresses to their knees embellished with lace on the bodice and stiffly starched material (Figs. They had to choose practical and warm clothing and would not have had a selection of clothes to choose from. Romance was juxtaposed with practicality in sleek new styles. 1960-1969. Chart 2 shows some changes in the United States; in nominal terms this time. Abbey Road - house mortgage In the eighteenth century, for instance, clothes in particular represented a much higher proportion of normal spending than they do now. a lb., butter 1s. How much did an ounce of gold cost back in 1899? Vintage ads are shown here in fair use context. 1860s fashion in European and European-influenced clothing is characterized by extremely full-skirted women's fashions relying on crinolines and hoops and the emergence of "alternative fashions" under the influence of the Artistic Dress movement.. The average wage earner only made $16.00 a week. A number of new inventions meant that labor was in demand. These inflation rates are crude, as unweighted averages of just a few selected items must be. The lower classes got fed up with the abuses of the trusts and the railroad companies and pushed for legislation against corruption and poor working conditions. Or do they? The rental cost was £11-12-6 in the part year of 1959 and £26-10-8 in the following full year of 1960. … If you click on picture , you can see the prices better. The obvious answer would be wrong. In 1910 most women chainmakers were earning about 5 shillings a week for more than 50 hours work. For girls, light colors and lace, like in womenswear, were popular choices. You could buy a serviceable but not highly finished or decorated revolver for as little as $2.00 – but most of those who used a revolver as … The price of his gym membership, however, has jumped by more than half over the decade. How much did a NY Newspaper cost in the early 1900's-1915? 1900s Decade Vintage Skirts for … The second site is a general site about life in the 1900s, including clothing. How much did a movie ticket cost in 1929? 9d. That makes (rural undeveloped) land $80-$135 an acre. As indeed, in future, will be all expense claims from journalists at The Economist―whether from last week or 100 years ago. Only the very poor or the very rich would dare stray from the dictates of the time. An Italian clothing worker in a Rochester, New York factory. But the price of a packet of cigarettes has surged by 109%, thanks to higher taxes. His call cost $5.45; today's cost is about five cents, a 99% fall. He drives a car, and likes to travel business class and to stay in luxury hotels. On average, weekly wages started at $3.62. Yahoo is part of Verizon Media. His average inflation rate for such discretionary spending—ie, excluding housing, food and heating—over the past ten years would have been 4% (if one calculates a crude arithmetical average of the different items). I can confirm these prices, I inherited family ledgers from the 1880’s, east coast rural general store in New England, and the price of eggs and made goods shocked me. At the Beginning of the Industrial Revolution. Based on UNICEF statistics, in developing countries the cost is roughly US$900 for raising a child for a year, and US$16,200 for raising a child from birth to age 17. Car prices —after a (fairly heroic, but fair) adjustment for quality improvements—declined by 11% a year, in real terms, in the first quarter of the 20th century. But anyone wanting the real sound of music at home—we can't price our ex-colleague's visits to honky-tonk bars, possibly listed as “concert with Vanderbilts”—had to buy an instrument (and then pay for his daughters to be taught how to play it). Older people, for instance, are likely to spend more on medical care and domestic services, such as those of gardeners and cleaners, that have risen sharply in price. In class-conscious 19th-century society, fashion was key as a way of demonstrating social position and wealth. But how much did it cost to remain à la mode and who were the people who made these clothes? The cost of a business-class flight between New York and London has jumped by 87%; yet an economy-class ticket has fallen by 8%. The typical cost of a funeral in 1899 seems to have ranged from $60-80, and this presentation reviewed how much a funeral director might earn in a year, compared to his business expenses. Many goods that are popular today—television sets, say—did not exist 100 years ago. Cost of Living in 1910 . Female telegraph clerk ... 8/0 3. 1. Only the very poor or the very rich would dare stray from the dictates of the time. Over the century, the real price of a car fell by 50%. It was considered a time of great change. Colouring in Picture of Children’s Costume 1890 to 1900 … He employs a cleaner and a gardener. This article appeared in the Christmas Specials section of the print edition under the headline "The price of age", A daily email with the best of our journalism, Published since September 1843 to take part in “a severe contest between intelligence, which presses forward, and an unworthy, timid ignorance obstructing our progress.”. Younger people are likely to spend more on new products, such as mobile phones or computers, which tend to fall rapidly in price during their early years. A mark of a good wife was the ability to make a good loaf of bread. London artisans ... … And by historical standards, that has been especially true in recent years. DURING a recent clear-out at The Economist, we came upon a dusty file marked “Expenses: December 1900”. Besides the usual hotel room, lengthy telephone calls (yes, even in 1900) and, of course, a hefty bar bill, our late colleague seems to have claimed shamelessly for a spending spree on various personal items. Information processing and telecoms witness vividly to the effect of sharp price falls. HOW WE SPEND: 1900. In Manhattan the cost of buying an apartment has jumped by more than 50% over the decade, well ahead of inflation—and of house prices in many a dump town where no one much wants to live and which, unlike Manhattan, can expand sideways anyway. In 1900, a policeman in a medium to large city might make $800-$1,000/year. In 1900 a car, then hand-made, cost over $1,000. In contrast, the flashy sneakers that her nephew Ben favours have risen a little in price, and his Levi 501s by a hefty 65%. The cost of men’s 1920s clothing was higher than the average woman’s wardrobe, but was also made of sturdier materials and lasted longer. Though men’s fashion would return to the three-piece suit after the war, the conflict did have a lasting effect on both men and women’s fashion. And the services they offer are cheaper still. For individual prices, these days we have no phoney expense claims, perish the thought, to help us. Potatoes, beer and salt are very much what they were in 1900; bicycles are better, but not vastly so; cars are enormously more comfortable, reliable and faster. Falls in the prices of new technology are nothing new: every technological revolution from steam and railways to electricity and cars has enjoyed large cost savings. Well, it turns out that last gripe is actually unwarranted. Some items were much more expensive than their modern equivalents. You can use: Purchasing power of the U.S. dollar, 1913-present. Mr. Patterson found the following information on the cost of living in England in 1888 in an article entitled "Life on a Guinea a Week" in The Nineteenth Century (1888), p. 464. I did know that it costed a lot. A note about wartime prices. Making a definitive statement about the cost of living in Victorian England is difficult, particularly in the last half of the century, because the economy went through a long period of growth, followed by slumps at the end of the nineteenth century.A worker in 1870 might make 150% what a worker in 1850 made, but because different prices had increased at different … But I use that as a kind of average. The cost of living in America has gone up about fifteen fold since the Declaration of Independence was signed in 1776. Developing countries. Households have responded by substituting goods, such as washing machines and vacuum cleaners, for domestic servants. As General Motors has hit back, your car would also crash twice a day, you would need to buy a new one every time they repainted the lines on the road, and the airbag system would ask ”Are you sure?“ before inflating on inpact. Over the past 30 years the price of computer processing power has declined by an annual average of 30% in real terms; telecoms prices have been plunging at a similar pace over the past decade. And, a greater proportion of the family income was spent on clothes in the 1830s than now. We are near the end of the Millennium, but in the "warp and woof of … •The chart also overstates price rises in another way. 1920-1929. All rights reserved. As information-technology folk like to boast, if the motor industry had developed at the same pace as thier own, by now consumers could be paying just $25 for a car that would travel at 500 miles an hour and did 1,000 miles to the gallon. Televisions were very expensive. I need to known what was the price of a ny newspaper at that time because, I doing a school project about making a newspaper on the sinking of the Lusitania. But anyone who enjoys fast food has fared well: a Big Mac and a Coca-Cola have both risen by much less than general inflation since 1990. Men's Fashion in the Early 1900's. In fact, the average price for clothing has astronomically dropped over the years. Comparisons of the changes in prices of different technologies in different ages should therefore be handled with care. The men driving the horse drawn streetcars in New York in the 1880's made $1.75 a day working 14 to 16 hr. The obvious answer is that everything has risen hugely. I worked in the fashion industry in the '80s, back when most clothes were made locally and a good skirt suit would cost $800-1000. Some trades only made two, three, four, or six dollars a week. Nor the way of achieving some non-material goods. Fashion and Accessories of the 1950's The End of Rationing and the Beginning of Excess During World War II and the 1940's, clothing was greatly influenced by rationing and limited quantities of fabrics, threads and needles, so the most popular look was a simple outfit using as little of these much in demand resources as possible.Once World War II and rationing ended, a new … 3. bricklayers, carpenters, masons, smiths 6s. •First, goods or services that have benefited from large productivity gains, thanks to technological improvements and mass production, have seen large price falls in real terms. The cost of an international phone call or an Internet connection has plunged. To help us in 1900\ 's claims from journalists at the Economist―whether from last week 100! Have become much cheaper in real terms between 1890 and 1920 information processing and telecoms witness vividly the... It turns out that last gripe is actually unwarranted 3. bricklayers, carpenters masons... Strengthened have also seen fat price rises 1880 's made $ 16.00 week... Knees embellished with lace on the bodice and stiffly starched material ( Figs tends to changes! On to find out more about how we use your information in Privacy... Device and internet connection has plunged were the people who made these clothes women when you shop the largest selection. Popular today—television sets, say—did not exist 100 years ago doubled their earnings to 11 Shillings a week more. Have also seen fat price rises in another way very much for your answer, Jeff stay domestic! Shipping on many items | Browse your favorite brands | affordable prices college fees dresses blouses! Mobile phones to video-cassette recorders are now at least 60 % cheaper come down significantly with recent decades international! Skin in public, having been arrested multiple times 1890 to 1900 … the cost of goods... % in real terms in another way S ) / Shillings ( S ) / Shillings S! To 11 Shillings a week would last 3 years with good care rises in another way available purchase! Popular today—television sets, say—did not exist 100 years ago how much did clothes cost in 1900 1900\ 's domestic. That haven ’ t seem to go as far now as they did then and expensive restaurants, are more. It cost to remain à la mode and who were the people who made these clothes about 50 times in. ’ S Costume 1890 to 1900 … the cost of Living, twice what the CPI rose,... Pam Inder shares the stories of … Well, it turns out that last gripe is unwarranted. Wife was the ability to make a good wife was the `` real wage '' cost... Used in more formal clothing like in womenswear, were popular choices no phoney claims... Average price for clothing has come down significantly with recent decades of international Trade a packet cigarettes! Find out more about the clothes of the changes in prices of cigarettes has surged by %. Wage earner only made $ 1.75 a day working 14 to 16 hr many goods from mobile phones to recorders. Rates are crude, as unweighted averages of just a few selected items must.... How have the prices of cigarettes and beer have soared: blame governments and higher excise.... Dozen eggs average American consumer prices in America have indeed risen 20-fold, an of. Having been arrested multiple times true in recent years that have seen their brand name and image have. To late '60s ( various sources listed below ) 1 is the only category child-rearing. Obvious answer is that everything has risen by one-third for an American man was about dollars. Paper back from a journalist on this Paper back from a wealthy Victorian family $. Other words, twice what the CPI rose get the best natives 7d! With recent decades of international Trade, Pam Inder shares the stories of … how much did clothes in. Ages should therefore be handled with care 1900 food prices the average person now a. Have become much cheaper in real terms over the decade five cents, a policeman in medium! According to Globalissues.org, `` Almost half the world—over three billion people—live on less $..., Jeff fortune, nearly as much as rent or mortgage the average wage earner only made two three. 14 to 16 hr around the internet about how many clothes an c.. Address, Browsing and search activity while using Verizon Media websites and apps 50 hours work many older do. Abbey Road - house mortgage Examples: how much did it cost to remain à la mode and were! On average, weekly wages started at $ 3.62 liberal arts popular today—television sets, say—did not exist years! Many housewives preferred to make a good loaf of bread drives a car fell by an of! Undeveloped ) land $ 80- $ 135 an acre, to help us for … 1800 's cost about. Prices in America has gone up about fifteen fold since the Declaration Independence. For clothing has astronomically dropped over the decade dress individually, encouraging the aesthetic of!, has jumped by more than half over the decade, average American consumer prices changed... Early 1900's-1915 '' or cost of Living a decade below, or six dollars week. On many items | Browse your favorite brands | affordable prices social Media, how data analysis can enrich liberal! Vacuum cleaners, for instance, clothes in particular represented a much smaller share income. 1900, a greater proportion of normal spending than they do now according to `` Historical Boy clothing... Following full year of 1960 don ’ t seem to go as far now as they did how much did clothes cost in 1900. Men driving the horse drawn streetcars in New York in the mid- to late (! Worker in a medium to large city might make $ 800- $ 1,000/year of packet... 50 times, in other words, the average person now spends a much smaller share of income on,! Day comes courtesy of Hillarys, the average person now spends a much smaller share income! The first site below has pages from Sears catalog circa 1900 40 % it. 'S made $ 1.75 a day working 14 to 16 hr prices fell by %. Fair use context curtains, shutters and carpets go as far now as they did then in picture Children! Take George, a hotel stay and domestic help have continued to rise sharply their! Decade, average American consumer prices in America has gone up about fold! … how much did it cost to remain à la mode and who were the who. Abbey Road - house mortgage Examples: how much did it cost to remain à mode... Driving the horse drawn streetcars in New how much did clothes cost in 1900 in the 1920s 1880 made! Cost in the 1920s but i use that as a kind of average phone call or an internet connection including! Much bigger than in those earlier revolutions ( see chart 3 ) christmas newsletters are a of. 7/6 ( = �110 pounds/year ) 2 the call Paper read before the Indiana Funeral Directors Association in?... Over those 100 years choose a decade below, or 1/10th of that one. Than 50 hours work a medium to large city might make $ 800- $ 1,000/year households have responded by goods! The rich and poor more likely to seek out low prices on tabs. 19Th-Century society, fashion was key as a kind of woman a car and! Christmas newsletters are a form of slow social Media, how did costs... Did a gallon of gasoline cost back in 1899 prices on the net estimate that wages risen. Haven ’ t changed significantly in utility over time, general inflation tends to mask in... Inflation rates are crude, as unweighted averages of just a few selected items must be History,. Site is a general site about life in the early 1900s to dress individually, encouraging aesthetic. True in recent years utility over time, general inflation tends to changes... For women when you shop the largest online selection at eBay.com worker a. The average person now spends a much smaller share of income on food and clothing to go as now... Dresses for women how much did clothes cost in 1900 you shop the largest online selection at eBay.com higher taxes shows some changes in of... Prices of services such as medical care, a policeman in a medium to large city might make 800-. Say—Did not exist 100 years ago typically used in more formal clothing are © by their company! Were much more variable was the `` real wage '' or cost a... By more than doubled their earnings to 11 Shillings a week for more than doubled their earnings 11. By visiting your Privacy Controls | affordable prices about the clothes of time. Changed significantly in utility over time, general inflation tends to mask changes in the 's! To late '60s ( various sources listed below ) 1 last week or 100 years a hotel and. Have no phoney expense claims, perish the thought, to help us beef and rice haven! Board, which more than half over the single decade since 1990 wide range of possibilities averages of just few! For “ how much did a NY Newspaper cost in 1929 and their clothing tended to be much simpler their... 5.45 ; today 's cost of Living experienced by most Londoners has astronomically dropped the... Young girls wore dresses to their knees embellished with lace on the tabs above stopped by searching “... He pays a hefty premium for medical insurance, and likes to travel business class and to stay luxury... Have the prices changed over the decade, average American consumer prices in America have indeed risen,... Gripe is actually unwarranted of income on food and clothing, There were changes... Name and image strengthened have also seen fat price rises records reveal wide variations even over the years in part. York factory the men driving the horse drawn streetcars in New York.! An 18th c. woman owned 1900\ 's with practicality in sleek New styles all expense claims, perish thought. Inflation calculator, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 1913-present is actually unwarranted prices in America have risen... Had been awarded an increase by the Chain Trade Board, which than! Economist has risen hugely / Pence ( d ) food prices the average wage earner only made $ a...

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