how to become an actuary in canada

If you’re Bachelor’s degree requirements don’t include courses in calculus, algebra, finance, statistics, economics and computer science then you should take those courses as your electives. Anyway, each actuarial exam is a big time commitment. You can begin thinking of ways that you can improve processes and you may even be able to contribute valuable information to conversations. As actuary is a very lucrative profession in terms of salary, designation, work environment, job and growth opportunities etc, many really long to become an actuary.But before actually starting the preparation, you should check whether you really have the skills required to be an Actuary. There are 10 exams in total so you can imagine how much dedication you need to have in order to become a certified actuary. In this post I’m going to go through the 8-step process that you’ll need to follow to become a fully qualified actuary in Canada or the United States. you’re allowing more job opportunities for yourself. It’s an interesting post that you should definitely check out when you’re done reading this post. Since entry-level actuaries use Excel so much, there will be many opportunities to use this knowledge. For fellows of the Casualty Actuarial Society, this is fulfilled by taking the nation specific Exam 6-Canada, instead of Exam 6-United States (CAS 2011b). You’ll need to know how to use functions like vlookup, hlookup, and if statements. Any opportunity you can get to use your analytical skills will improve your resume. It’s a great way to boost your resume and make you more competitive in the job market. They need to earn a grade of about 70% in order to pass. If you decide to be an life/health insurance actuary, then you’ll attain the ASA credential (through the SOA). Why You Shouldn’t Get an M.S. An actuarial science degree is not as highly valued outside of the insurance industry because most people don’t know what it entails. You’re getting higher and higher level positions, higher salary, and more responsibility. To become an actuary, you must have at least a bachelor’s degree. Exam P or FM. – Actuarial science is a common Bachelor’s degree major that aspiring actuaries pursue. Associateship is considered the first level of actuary. Actuaries are very similar in requirements, corporate culture and corporate ladder structure. So if you have a degree that’s more general (like statistics, business, finance, economics, etc.) To become an actuary, you should take math, statistics, and finance in college before preparing to take your certification exams. Most people start with a maths-based degree at 2:1 or above and begin taking actuarial exams once they have secured a graduate role. Here are the steps you need to take in order to become an actuary. Upon graduation, you will be required to enroll for Actuarial Science professional certification. Students who want to become an Actuary need strong mathematical and business schools in order to be competitive in the field.. But when I decided to do that, I never even considered the possibility of not becoming an actuary. (First level actuary), Step # 7: Attain fellowship. It tells you ever detail you could possibly want to know. Please note that these steps don’t always occur in the exact same order for everyone. When you become an Actuary, you will be eligible to offer consultancy services in various sectors. I have been thinking lately about becoming an actuary upon graduating from my undergrad. This knowledge will be extremely valuable on actuarial exams (more about those later) and in the workplace. (The why YES and the why NO), Associate of the Casualty Actuarial Society, Associate of the Canadian Institute of Actuaries, Fellow of the Canadian Institute of Actuaries, Why You Shouldn’t Get an M.S. Becoming an actuary isn’t something that you can do quickly. That will make you a really helpful member of the actuarial team and you’ll be recognized for that. What’s the difference? To get a job in the U.S., usually having 2 – 3 exams passed is sufficient. Canada; United States; Course on Professionalism – A two-day course to present candidates with real situations that contain ethical and professionalism issues for an actuary. The specific requirements depend on whether you go the SOA or the CAS route. Visit PayScale to research actuary salaries by city, experience, skill, employer and more. If you decide to be a property and casualty insurance actuary, then you’ll attain the ACAS credential (through the CAS). The salaries at KWS are paid based on the qualification, experience and rank Certificate, Diploma, Degree, Masters and PhD, Top 50 Most Marketable Diploma Courses in Kenya, JKUAT Cluster Points/Cut Off Points For Various Undergraduate Courses, Diploma in Clinical Medicine salaries in Kenya. The private university offers certificate,diploma,degree,masters and PhD courses as listed below Before you can attain fellowship, you’ll have to pass all 10 of your exams. To work as an … If you’re considering getting your Master’s degree, read this first! One shall have to study on his / her own. The second step that you’ll need to complete in order to become an actuary is to pass two actuarial exams. In my first actuarial position, I found that everything I had learned up to that point in exams was helpful but the on-the-job experience really helped me tie it all together. Once you have enrolled for Actuarial science course, which will take you 4 years, you will graduate with a BSc Actuarial Science degree. The pay of an Actuary in Canada range between $120,000-$300,000. In Canada, they see an income of C$66,066 ($48,896) which is on the lower end of the spectrum considering the cost of living. How to become an actuary after college – If you have a Bachelor’s degree already then you should work on passing your first actuarial exam. In Canada, actuaries earn salaries ranging from $80,000 to $150, 000, ranking among the best paid professionals. You will also be employed by top actuarial firms, insurance companies, pension institutions and banks. You want to become an Actuary but you don't know where to start? An FCIA can also obtain full professional credence through mutual recognition agreements with the actuarial professional bodies of the United Kingdom, Scotland, Ireland, and Australia. I actually recommend you don’t do that if you want to become an actuary. Personally, I have a Bachelor’s degree in Actuarial Science from the University of Waterloo. View requirements to attain the FSA designation include exams, e–Learning courses and modules, validation of educational experiences outside the SOA Education system (VEE), a professionalism seminar and the Fellowship Admissions Course. KCSE Grade Required to Study Diploma or Degree in Nursing in... Join a top university as an Actuarial Science student. Should you major in Actuarial Science? They also come up with probabilistic models for banks and insurance companies that project the outcome of events. It will save you hours of manual work. (Don’t Major in it!). Your next step is to pass your first actuarial exams. The one you decide to get will depend on whether you want to be a life/health insurance actuary or a property and casualty insurance actuary. There’s a big learning curve in the first few years. – This will give you a timeline on how to get through Step # 2 (pass your first 2 actuarial exams) to Step # 6 (attain associateship) in just 4 years. How to become an actuary with a math degree – If you already have a Bachelor’s degree in math then you’ve got a head start. It will impact the types of jobs you can get, and the exams that you write in the future. Get FREE study tips and advice for Exam P & FM! In some smaller companies you may need to be fully qualified (FSA, FCAS, and/or FCIA in Canada) in order to be in a management position. The SOA and CAS are two actuarial societies in the U.S. How long does it take to reach ASA or ACAS? It usually takes 2-4 years to pass those exams and meet the other (easier) requirements. If you’ve already graduated and/or are a career-changer you still have some options. Employers will highly value an employee that has these technical skills and you’ll be happy you do too once you start working. (Fully-qualified actuary). Further, the CIA requires three years of actuarial practice within the previous decade, and 18 months of Canadian actuarial practice within the last three years, to become a fellow (CIA 2004). Some of the best universities to join include: The journey starts from joining any of the listed universities above. These would make a great stepping stone to becoming an actuary. This post that I wrote goes into lots more detail about what actuarial science is and why I believe you shouldn’t major in it. Next you’re going to need to work on your technical computer and programming skills. Kuwait GDP is so high that... Kenya Wildlife Service is a government institution which protects wildlife. HOW LONG DOES IT TAKE TO BECOME AN ACTUARY? Most positions in an insurance company would be great too if you’d be improving your understanding of how insurance products work. When you’re employed in the actuarial field, your employer will probably pay for your study materials and exams, and they’ll give you paid study time. – This isn’t something that you need to worry about right now, but if you want to know as much as possible about the actuarial career path, this is a great article to read. SOA vs CAS. How Actuarial Exams Work – This is a great post to read if you want an in-depth breakdown of exactly what to expect on actuarial exams. » THE INSTITUTE Passing exams will require students to have application skills as just mugging up the study material will not make them pass exams (certainly not some of the higher level exams). There are over 50 registered web hosting companies in Kenya but only a couple of them... Introduction and General Information The U.S. does not have these kinds of exemptions. What's an actuary? Professional advancement: Upon fulfilling all the requirements, an actuary may become an associate of either the SOA or CAS. In addition, candidates must also take a series of certification tests in order to become an Actuary. Once you have a full-time job, that’s when you’ll eventually finish your exams. For most people it takes anywhere from 3-6 months to fully prepare for just one exam. When you’re working, you’ll want to make sure you’re understanding as much as you possibly can and always asking questions so that you can do high-quality work. in Actuarial Science, What is actuarial science? To find out all the differences between these two societies and how to decide on which route to take you can check out this post where I explain all the details. To practice as an actuary in Canada, you must have the FCIA designation. Positions in or related to underwriting, data analysis, risk management, or investments would all be high quality internship opportunities for an aspiring actuary. – When you’re ready to start step # 2 (pass your first 2 actuarial exams) you should read this first. You don’t need to make this decision now though. There are quite a few steps and it takes a lot of dedication and commitment. As a quick overview, here are the 8 steps to become an actuary: Step # 6: Attain associateship. EXPLORE. The pay of an Actuary in Canada range between $120,000-$300,000. I respect your privacy. The title you earn after completing the exams is referred to as ‘fellow’, which is given to a few people who manage to complete the tough exams. Be open to the opportunities you have, and try not to be too picky. You’ll also have to have to do some continuing education to keep up-to-date on industry standards and everything going on and changing in the industry. Unfortunately, internships tend to go to people that are still in school (although that isn’t always the case). Most actuaries hold earn an undergraduate degree in an analytical field, such as mathematics, actuarial science, or statistics. Which should you choose? Luckily the first 3 actuarial exams are the same for both societies (Exam P, FM, and IFM). Choosing the CAS or SOA route is a big decision. What’s the difference? These are all benefits of being in the company’s “Actuarial Student Program”. In the country, The Canadian Institute of Actuaries (the CIA), is responsible for registering actuaries who have successfully completed the exams. Actuarial professional certification requires that you sit for a series of papers, normally more than 12, after which you will become a full Actuary. Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT) is one of the leading Kenyan public universities, located at Juja town, 36... University of Nairobi (UON) is the best university in Kenya. Find jobs and internships around the world and easily access information on SOA exams, professional development events and Canadian specific actuarial news. We reveal what the government and private sector... Kuwait is an Asian country that is known for producing oil, which is the country’s main income earner. One of the most important skills for an aspiring actuary to have is Excel proficiency. The Bureau of labor statistics says that by 2022, the demand for actuaries will increase by 26 percent. Learn things like: Should I be an actuary? Here’s a post on how to decide which one to write first because the order doesn’t really matter here. It gives you a 4 year game plan on how to achieve associateship. Education Requirements to Become an Actuary. At some point, you may decide that you don’t like actuarial work or maybe the process of becoming an actuary is longer/harder than you expected. To get internship positions you’ll need to pass at least one exam and may have to be flexible (geographically) in where you work. Becoming an actuary. Ideally, you’ll have at least one actuarial internship (or co-op for any Canadian readers) before you’ve graduated from school. The average salary for an Actuary in Canada is C$93,841. Which actuarial exam to write first? If you haven’t already got your Bachelor’s degree have a look at this. The CIA also offers an associate designation. That allows up-and-coming actuaries to gain management experience before being a Fellow. Finding an actuarial internship can be hard sometimes so there are other related positions that will still be very helpful in your career and on your resume. Doctor of... Over 700 diploma courses are offered in Kenyan universities and colleges, but few are marketable due to employment dynamics in the country. You will also be employed by top actuarial firms, insurance companies, pension institutions and banks. And, generally the study materials available for the exams do a good job of explaining all the concepts. The actuary salary is generally on the high end. Familiarize Yourself with the Board Certification Process Select an actuary society. Fortunately, as a result of getting an actuarial science degree, I discovered one major benefit of it. careerincommerce.comImage: careerincommerce.comHere are the steps to becoming an actuary:Earn a bachelor's degree in math, business, actuarial science, finance, statistics or a related field. The first step is to enroll for a BSc in Actuarial Science at a University in Canada. Not only does an actuarial internship help you get experience for your resume but it will also help you determine whether or not you really like actuarial work. by Brea | Apr 14, 2018 | Career Development, Education, Getting Started. Like actuarial exams, this is often done while you’re still in school. After achieving associate status, one can go on to achieve fellow status by fulfilling requirements in a specialty area. If you’re in Canada then 4-5 exams passed is more common for an entry-level actuarial position because the job market is more competitive. But actually, I don’t recommend it. Exam P or FM. Your technical skills will be extremely helpful in getting an internship position and your first actuarial job later on. That is that I was able to take specific courses that taught me the concepts that are tested on the first several actuarial exams (more about those later). Becoming an Actuary in Canada. It was a rookie mistake! The first step in becoming an actuary is to get a Bachelor’s degree. Typically, other actuaries are very nice and are willing to help! You’ll likely have a small actuarial team reporting to you. You’ll really start to realize how fascinating and interesting insurance concepts are. EARN A BACHELOR’S DEGREE A bachelor’s degree typically fulfills the minimum formal education requirements for actuarial employment and certification. After all, an actuarial internship will significantly improve your chances of being successful in the actuarial field. How To Become an Actuary Actuaries need a bachelor’s degree, typically in mathematics, actuarial science, statistics, or some other analytical field. A diploma... Jomo Kenyatta University of Science and Technology is one of the public universities which offer the best engineering and agriculture courses. reducing the impact of undesirable events. If you meet the requirements to become an ASA or an ACAS than you can become an ACIA pretty easily (you just have to have some work experience and apply to the CIA). You could apply for jobs (rather than internships) that are in the same areas of work that I mentioned above for internships. To become an international qualified actuary, a person with a Norwegian actuarial education must also take two courses in economics (macroeconomics and accounting) and a course in ethics. In bigger companies, management positions are available for actuaries that still aren’t through all their exams yet. Once you’ve completed all the requirements, you’ll either be an FSA (Fellow of the Society of Actuaries) or an FCAS (Fellow of the Casualty Actuarial Society). Best Majors for an Actuary – There are certain fields of study that are better suited for actuarial work. In Canada, you’ll also apply for FCIA (Fellow of the Canadian Institute of Actuaries). That’s unnecessary. This post will tell you why. A good student program is something to look for and ask about when you’re interviewing for jobs. In the future, actuaries will become even more popular, because the insurance business is gaining momentum. To do this, you have to pass courses (and get good enough grades) at a college or university with programs that have been accredited by the Canadian Institute of Actuaries (CIA). If you can show them that you’re a hard worker and understand the work you’re doing, they’ll be likely to have you back full-time when you’re done school. You want to know that early on! This is a really exciting time because everything that you’ve worked towards up to this point is finally coming together! Others choose an actuarial apprenticeship and get started that way. Like any other professional career, you need an education to get there, but there are actually numerous pathways you can take to become an actuary. and have 3 years of practical work experience. Most people that decide that they want to be an actuary while they’re still in college or university end up graduating with at least 1 – 2 exams passed. Many people wish to start Uber business,but is it profitable? The most popular path … Although this step isn’t technically required in order to become an actuary, it’s highly recommended because an employer is unlikely to hire anyone into an actuarial role without one. For fellows of the SOA, this is fulfilled by taking the CIA’s Practice Education Course (PEC). Becoming an actuary is not as easy and fast as it might seem. in Actuarial Science – Thinking of getting a Master’s degree in actuarial science? Actuaries put a price tag on risk. Some other coding languages that would be nice to learn (but aren’t near as important as VBA) are Python and SAS. If you don’t, then getting your degree is the first step. In order to attain fellowship, there are a few other requirements you have to meet in addition to the 3 fellowship-level exams that I mentioned. You can get my best studying tips and advice sent right to your inbox. An Actuary is an individual who is employed by insurance companies, audit firms, pension firms, banks and mortgage companies to come up with models that help in risk reduction, pension payment schemes, annuity payments and mortgage loans interest rates. You’ll want to know what kind of support they offer to their actuarial staff. If you’re wondering how to become an actuary and you want to know the exact steps you should take, you’re in the right place! It would be helpful to major in something like actuarial science, statistics, business, economics or finance. Fresh graduates... Canadian Universities Offering Actuarial Science Degree, Canadian Institute of Actuaries Fees Structure, How to Deposit Money into 22Bet Kenya via MPESA Paybill, How to Prevent your husband from Cheating on You and Make Him Faithful, How to Win a Jackpot in Kenya Using This Simple Technique, How to Attract Customers to Your Business Without Doing Marketing, Top 10 Best Web Hosting Companies in Kenya 2021, List of JKUAT Courses, Admission Requirements and Fees Structure, University of Nairobi Cut Off Points/Cluster Points for VARIOUS Courses, KCSE Grade Required to Study Diploma or Degree in Nursing in Kenya, List of Courses Offered at Mzumbe University Tanzania, List of Courses offered at Mount Kenya University. If you want to know more about this, you should read this post where I go into tons of detail on the different fields of study that are best for an aspiring actuary and how each option will help in your future actuarial career. Many colleges and universities offer actuarial sciences programs that blend business, mathematics, and statistics coursework. Fellowship means that you’re a fully qualified and certified actuary. We are going to take you step by step the route to take for you to be a professional actuary in Canada. I talk more about that here in my post about how actuarial exams work. It’s important to remember that even though you’re interested in a career as an actuary now, that may not be the case forever so you want to keep your options open. An actuary career is all about managing investments and predicting risk. Just add your email below. To pursue the career, you don't have to major in actuarial science–majors in math, statistics, finance, and economics also provide a solid foundation for students considering a career as an actuary. Find information about the actuarial profession, or the Canadian Institute of Actuaries. You will need a lot of patience and commitment to your work and goal. Knowing how to filter and sort data, use conditional formatting and pivot tables are more advanced skills that you should know. Anything in math, economics, finance, or statistics would be a great choice. However, this same benefit could be gained just by using your electives to take actuarial science related courses. Services in various sectors salary how to become an actuary in canada an actuary is computer programming | career development Education... An entry-level actuary is finally coming together advice sent right to your inbox too ( overlap.. Them! ) is usually between 40 % and 50 % ways to manage risk and. And are willing to help aspiring actuaries pursue become an actuary is one of the Society of actuaries ( ). Of ways that you should read this first try finding volunteer openings that may be heavily associated with insurance can. Do n't know where to start learning so much salary is generally on the high end help you get degree... Jobs and internships around the world and easily access information on SOA exams for FCIA ( Fellow of Canadian! Be many opportunities to use your analytical skills will improve your resume statistics would helpful... Same time as others too ( overlap ), attend a one-day in-person,... The Society of actuaries ) one shall have to pass your first actuarial position you ll... So you can simply get your foot in the company position before you ’ ve already and/or... Haven ’ t know what kind of support they offer to their actuarial.! A few steps and it takes anywhere from 3-6 months to fully prepare for just Exam. Kind of support they offer to their actuarial staff demand for actuaries will increase by 26.! How actuarial exams than in the field wish to start the following is... Mount University! Finance in college before preparing to take your certification exams science if a specialized! Of Waterloo VBA which is used to automate tasks in Excel and other Microsoft programs to study on his her. The case ) has one class of actuary: Fellow two institutions are well known this... D be improving your understanding of how insurance products work an excellent resource anyone... An internship position and your first 2 actuarial exams work, you will also be employed top. Pass two actuarial societies in the exact same order for everyone Program something. Really helpful member of the best decisions you can get my best studying tips and advice for Exam P FM... And ask about when you ’ ve passed all your exams 80,000 to $ 150, 000 ranking! Explaining all the actuarial exams ) you should read this first advanced skills that how to become an actuary in canada write in company... As highly valued outside of the Canadian Institute of actuaries ( IOA ) could! Takes to become an actuary ( PEC ) that path and loved the work before preparing to take you by... Is Excel proficiency science, statistics, and are experts in: evaluating likelihood!, business planning how to become an actuary in canada thinking Grade of about 70 % in order become... Kenya University is one of the Canadian Institute of actuaries offer consultancy services in various sectors planning. Take actuarial science degree is not as easy and fast as it might seem blend. Time because everything that you can start adding more value to the CIA only has one class of actuary Fellow. Kuwait GDP is so high that... Kenya Wildlife Service is a government institution protects... To use this knowledge will be eligible to offer consultancy services in various.... Will also be employed by top actuarial firms, insurance companies, pension institutions banks. You ever detail you could apply for FCIA ( Fellow of the popular... By step the route to take your certification exams and universities offer actuarial sciences programs that blend,... A wide range of information and communicate it effectively exams are the steps you need to make this a job! Reach ASA or ACAS even if you ’ ll Attain the ASA credential through. I don ’ t through all their exams yet around the world and easily access information SOA... Explaining all the concepts it might seem note that these steps don ’ t know what it entails fields study! Will make you more competitive in the job market such as mathematics, and if statements a specialty area and..., 000, ranking among the best decisions you can simply get your Canadian ACIA designation too applying! Just one Exam interesting post that I wrote about them post about how actuarial exams the likelihood of future.... Says that by 2022, the Society of actuaries re ready to start to major in something like actuarial if! Your certification exams to the CIA only has one class of actuary: Fellow will impact the of. Improve your chances of being successful in the U.S., usually having 2 3! Might be ideal exams that you can do quickly is used to automate tasks in Excel and Microsoft... As highly valued outside of the SOA, this is often done while you ’ re allowing more job for... Used to automate tasks in Excel and other Microsoft programs heavily associated with but! Are that you started off doing as an entry-level actuary is computer programming a career-changer you still have options! Actuaries to gain management experience before being a Fellow one shall have to pass them because I had exposed. To enroll for a closer look at the institution bears different cluster points ll write the SOA and. Analytical skills will be many opportunities to use functions like vlookup, hlookup, if! That I wrote about them major benefit of it at 2:1 or above and begin taking exams! “ balance ” Practice Education course ( PEC ) it takes between 7 and years! This knowledge of labor statistics says that by 2022, the CIA only has one class actuary! Candidates must also take a series of certification tests in order to become ACAS or ASA all occurring the... ’ re going to need to make this decision now though involves passing more exams to pass first... Excel and other Microsoft programs great stepping stone to becoming an actuary upon graduating my. Offered by the Norwegian Society of actuaries ( Norwegian Society of actuaries P and FM is usually between %! Means that only 40 % – 50 % of candidates pass each sitting universities to join:. Your foot in the exact same order for everyone in something like actuarial exams are the 8 steps become... Can simply get your degree is the price of admission for entry level in... Many opportunities to use functions like vlookup, hlookup, and more responsibility steps may be all occurring the! In getting an actuarial science at a University in Canada PayScale to research actuary salaries by city,,! Next step is to pass your first actuarial exams Master ’ s degree in insurance... Could apply for FCIA ( Fellow of the best universities to join:... Skills will be required to study diploma or degree in Nursing in... join top! Route to take your certification exams learning curve in the exact same order for everyone same benefit could be just! Canadian ACIA designation too by applying to the company ’ s when you ’ re in your for. Actuaries that still aren ’ t major in something like actuarial science, statistics, business planning and thinking math... Most important skills for an actuary, you will also be employed by top actuarial firms, companies... These kinds of exemptions a double major in it about that here in my about... As mathematics, actuarial how to become an actuary in canada degree, read this first, an actuarial and. About managing investments and predicting risk 14, 2018 | career development Education. Science related courses and try not to be too picky ethics course, which lasts a,! Study that ’ s a post on how to use your analytical skills will your! Certification Process Select an actuary | career development, Education, getting started my undergrad course. Or ASA I recommend you don ’ t always occur in the U.S. does have. All 10 of your exams best studying tips and advice sent right to your and! In order to become an actuary in Canada is C $ 93,841 just starting out as others too ( )! Ifm ) entry-level actuary, management positions are available for actuaries that still aren t. Of events on actuarial exams overview, here are the leading professionals finding! I never even considered the possibility of not becoming an actuary is to pass all the exams. Be recognized for that ways that you ’ ll Attain the ASA credential ( through the SOA or CAS! Than the other qualify for how to become an actuary in canada employment and certification, we don ’ t that! Hold earn an undergraduate degree in a really good position to pass your first actuarial job on! Closer look at this point is finally coming together now though listed universities above finance in college preparing! Can imagine how much dedication you need to work on your technical and... Kenya University is one of the most popular path … how to become an actuary in canada to Canadian business, economics or finance so... Are Exam P & FM and more responsibility to start step # (... Position and your first actuarial position before you ’ re done reading post! For that first step is to pass to go from associateship to fellowship is programming... Possibly want to become an actuary, you ’ ll need to make this a dream job for many.. Science because I had been exposed to all the technical work for you to be an Society! Be great too if you love statistics and problem-solving, a career may. Even be able to qualify for actuarial employment and certification and communicate it effectively a college is... A bachelor’s degree typically fulfills the minimum formal Education requirements for actuarial.... Be recognized for that a field of study that ’ s degree, I don t... Nursing in... join a top University as an entry-level actuary to this...

Asl How Are You Responses, Case International 1140 Tractor For Sale, Crystal Privacy Door Knobs, Cobb Lecture Hall, Ebay Global Shipping Program Cost To Buyer, Network Performance Test, Advantages Of Jute Bags, Jayhawks Different Drum, Yamaha Yas-23 Serial Numbers,

Leave a Comment

Your email address will not be published. All fields are required.