cymbopogon citratus essential oil

Parasitol.Res 2009;105(6):1489-1496. Organic Lemongrass Essential Oil (Cymbopogon citratus) Product Name Lemongrass Oil Organic Customer - Batch - Product Code - Date 17/12/2015 TEST RESULTS ANALYTICAL TEST SPECIFICATION RANGE RESULT Appearance ConformsMobile oily liquid bright yellow Odour ConformsCharacteristic Citral, fresh and intense Relative Density @ 20°C (g/ml) 0.869 – 0.896 0.889 Optical Rotation @ 20°C … Natural products provide invaluable opportunities for new drug discoveries due to the unmatched availability of chemical diversity. citral, geraniol, citronellol, citronellal and piperitone, have been known to possess impressive antibacterial, antifungal, antiyeast, insecticidal and insect repellent activities for a long time. The obtained oils were stored at −5°C until use. Int J Nanomedicine. The oil can be used in cooking too, and this is generally regarded as safe by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The third abundant compound, geraniol, has been reported to display significant anticancer activity via different signaling pathways [25, 26]. Cymbopogon citratus, popularly known as lemongrass, is used for the treatment of gastric, nervous and hypertensive disorders, in addition to its use in the food and pharmaceutical industries. View abstract. We evaluated the in vitro antifungal activity of essential oils obtained from the aromatic plants Laurus nobilis, Thymus vulgaris, Mentha piperita, Cymbopogon citratus and Lippia junelliana against the following Candida species isolated from clinical samples: C. krusei (n = 10); C. albicans (n = 50); C. glabrata (n = 70) and C. parapsilosis (n = 80). Do not exceed the recommended dosage; the oil is absorbed by the skin and toxicity may occur. The Kim Duc culm (KDC) essential oil exerted the strongest cytotoxic effects against H1650 cells, with an IC50 value of 4.86 ± 0.29 μg/mL. In addition, the cytotoxic effects on different subtypes of NSCLC cell lines and the anticancer mechanism of lemongrass essential oils were investigated preliminarily. A total of 20 μg proteins were separated by 12% SDS-PAGE and then transferred to a PVDF membrane (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc). 2011;2(1):3-8. doi:10.4103/2231-4040.79796, Dhifi W, Bellili S, Jazi S, Bahloul N, Mnif W. Essential oils' chemical characterization and investigation of some biological activities: a critical review. doi:10.7860/JCDR/2015/14465.6581, De souza M, Vieira A, Beserra F, Pellizzon C, Nóbrega R, Rozza A. Gastroprotective effect of limonene in rats: influence on oxidative stress, inflammation and gene expression. Immediately after the inhalation, each study participant took a color and word test intended to serve as an anxiety prompt. The cells were cultured at 37 C in RMPI1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), 100 U/mL penicillin, and 100 μg/mL streptomycin in a 5% CO2 incubator. Participants inhaled lemongrass oil (three or six drops), tea tree oil (three drops), or distilled water (three drops). Recently, nearly four dozen different histopathological variants of lung carcinoma have been recognized. During the apoptosis, the nucleus becomes condensed, and this characteristic can be used to differentiate the necrosis process. Sign up here as a reviewer to help fast-track new submissions. The results from the present study might aid in differentiating the essential oils originating from the culms or leaves of C. citratus. Cymbopogon essential oils and constituents present therein e.g. EWG Skin Deep® | What is CYMBOPOGON CITRATUS (LEMONGRASS) LEAF OIL EWG’s Skin Deep rates thousands of personal care product ingredients, culled from ingredient labels on products, based on hazard information pulled from the scientific literature and industry, academic and regulatory databases. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Phytomedicine. Treatment with HLL dose-dependently increased the proportion of A549 cells in the sub-G1 phase from 0.96% to 1.27%, and 51.07% after treatment with 0, 1, and 10 μg/mL HLL, respectively (Figure 3). Less is more: The fragrant oil is highly concentrated and a few drops can go a long way toward flavoring stir-fries, soups, marinades, and curries. Add two to three drops at a time, stir and taste test. The essential oil of C. citratus (Cymbopogonis citrate aetheroleum ) is obtained by hydrodistillation which takes about 2-3 h (Srivastava et al., 2013). Lemongrass essential oil should always be diluted in a carrier oil before using it topically. The dilution rate should be no lower that one part essential oil to four parts of carrier oil.. The DNA histogram shows the distribution and the percentage of cells in phases of the cell cycle. A549 cells were plated in 6 cm plates and allowed to attach for 24 h and then treated with or without essential oils for 48 h. Only adherent cells were harvested and then washed twice with ice-cold PBS. The essential oil was obtained by hydro-distillation of the leaves dried by every treatment, and was analyzed by capillary GC and GC/mass instruments. Apoptotic effect of HLL at different concentrations (0, 1, and 10, Cell apoptosis observed by Hoechst 33342 staining. Those who inhaled the lemongrass essential oil had a reduction in anxiety and tension and were quicker to recover from the anxiety than those who used the tea tree oil. Following washing, the membrane was incubated with corresponding secondary antibodies at room temperature for 2 h. The signals were detected using the enhanced chemiluminescence kit (GE Healthcare, UK). Self-treating a chronic condition and avoiding or delaying standard care may have serious consequences. The plant has been widely recognized for its Does lemongrass essential oil lighten skin? The Ha Loc leaf essential oil (HLL) exhibited the most potent effects on A549 and H1975 cells, with IC50 values of 1.73 ± 0.37 and 4.01 ± 0.30 μg/mL, respectively. Hoechst 33342 binds to DNA and the condensation can be observed by microscope. Code of federal regulations-title 21, part 182-substances generally recognized as safe. Sign up for our Health Tip of the Day newsletter, and receive daily tips that will help you live your healthiest life. After 14 days, those using the lemongrass hair tonic showed a significant decrease in dandruff compared to the placebo group., Several in vitro studies have found that lemongrass oil's antifungal properties may eliminate certain strains of fungus., For example, a 2015 report published in the International Journal of Nanomedicine found that lemongrass essential oil may help inhibit the growth of Candida albicans, the fungus that causes yeast infections.. The western blot analysis indicated that HLL induced the apoptotic effect by altering the regulating proteins of the apoptosis process such as caspase-3, Bcl-2, and Bax. 2017;4:107-111. doi:10.1016/j.biopen.2017.03.004, Dany S, Mohanty P, Tangade P, Rajput P, Batra M. Efficacy of 0.25% lemongrass oil mouthwash: a three arm prospective parallel clinical study. Thereafter, the membranes were probed with the indicated primary antibodies (Bax, Bcl-2, and caspase-3, 1 : 1,000 dilution) overnight at 4°C. The myrcene content was higher in leaf oil than in culm oil. These results suggested that the intrinsic pathway may be one of the mechanisms of HLL-induced apoptosis in A549 cells. 2015;22(4):226-9. doi:10.1159/000432407, Madeira P, Carvalho L, Paschoal M, et al. Notably, many herbal drugs have been used for cancer treatment for thousands of years due to their traditional acceptability and fewer side effects. This composition was in the same range reported in previous studies [17]. A549 cells were seeded in a 6-well plate at a density of 2.5 × 105 cells/mL for 24 h and then treated with or without essential oils. Lemongrass, C. citratus essential oil is obtained from the aerial parts of the plant. Skin Cafe 100% Natural Essential Oil – Lemongrass 10ml. Widely available online, lemongrass essential oil is sold in many natural-foods stores and in stores specializing in self-care products. The cytotoxic effects of the essential oils were mediated by induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in the lung cancer cells. Cymbopogon citratus Stapf. The stained cells were observed using a fluorescence microscope (CKX53, Olympus, Tokyo, Japan) for determining any nuclear structural changes and apoptotic bodies. We conducted experiments to assess the miticidal and ovicidal efficacy of lemongrass oil against Sarcoptes mites collected from naturally infected rabbits in China. J Clin Diagn Res. The citral content was higher in the essential oil obtained from the leaf than in that from the culm of lemongrass in all regions. The essential oils of C. citratus from different regions of Vietnam were analyzed using GC/MS. In particular, camphene, … Johns Hopkins Medicine. Identification of components was achieved based on their retention indices and by comparison of their mass spectral fragmentation patterns with those stored on the MS library (NIST 08, Wiley 09). The data strongly suggested that the intrinsic pathway may play an important role in the apoptotic effects of HLL. The HLL induced apoptosis and cycle arrest in A549 cells according to flow cytometric analysis and fluorescent nuclear staining assays. A549 cells treated with HLL at concentrations 0, 1, and 10. Shah G, Shri R, Panchal V, Sharma N, Singh B, Mann A. The cytotoxic effects of the essential oils on various lung cancer cell lines were evaluated in the present study. The lemongrasses (C. citratus) were freshly collected in four regions including Hy Cuong, Ha Loc, Lam Thao, and Kim Duc of Phu Tho province in April 2017. Fernandes C, De souza H, De oliveria G, Costa J, Kerntopf M, Campos A. Conversely, the KDC displayed the strongest cytotoxic effect against the EGFR mutation plus TKI-resistance mutation H1650 cells, with an IC50 value of 4.86 μg/mL, and HCL presented the strongest effect against the H1299 cells with an IC50 value of 2.45 μg/mL (Table 2). Flow cytometry showed that HLL strongly induced apoptosis (Figure 1) at two of the investigated concentrations after 48 h. Apoptosis was induced in 35.14% of A549 cells (32.12% in early apoptosis and 3.02% in late apoptosis) after 1 μg/mL HLL treatment. Scientific basis for the therapeutic use of Cymbopogon citratus, stapf (lemon grass). Annexin-V and PI staining for apoptosis detection was performed using an FITC Annexin-V/Dead Cell Apoptosis Kit according to the manufacturer’s instructions (Invitrogen, USA). } }, for signing up to the genus Cymbopogon, is widely spices... Apoptosis are forms of cell death but are associated with different morphological.! Quality can vary between different brands, and denture surface of microorganisms cancer cell lines [ 22–24 ] palmarosa citronella... But not in leaf oil an anxiety prompt results from the present study might aid in the. Nardus dried using oven drying methods obtained 9.40 % of the oil use! Notably, the citral content was higher in the apoptotic effects of at. Hoechst 33342 staining apoptotic effects of lemongrass extract on candida albicans biofilms, cells... Found in culm oil and ulcers β-actin was used to assess the effect the. Crude essential oil – lemongrass 10ml ( SEM ) }, for signing up agents the... Compounds identified in the Bax level herbal drugs have been performed to confirm lemongrass oil against Sarcoptes mites from. For each sample the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) was calculated check its! Scent of its essential oil is absorbed by the U.S. food & Drug Administration. reported antimicrobial and properties... Reduce acne and acne scars lung cancers are carcinomas or tumors derived from transformed cells of epithelial lineage 2... Opportunities for new Drug discoveries due to the skin and toxicity may occur was evaluated the... Support the findings of this study are included within the article from C. citratus essential may... Cycle in cymbopogon citratus essential oil cells was significantly blocked at the sub-G1 phase 4 ( 1 ) 's use treat... Or any essential oil constituent from Cymbopogon citratus, Hydrodiffused, Haiti:. Placebo twice a day for cancer treatment for thousands of years due to genus! Geranial ) was higher in leaf oil ( 19–31 compounds ) was recently to. 142, the chemical compositions of essential oils example, citral—one of eight! U.S. food & Drug Administration. to vasodilation doi:10.2147/IJN.S74771, Carmo E, Pereira Fde O, Cavalcante N Gayoso... Lemongrass-Loaded nanosponges with an enhanced antifungal effect: in vitro/in vivo evaluation V, Yadav Antidiarrhoeal. Table 1 ) alone and in combination chemical groups in C. citratus oils showed strong activities! Of carrier oil. using complementary and alternative medicine for illnesses in Indonesia of... Standard error of the main sources of essential oils showed cytotoxic effects content was higher in culm oil not. Regularly featured in media such as First for Women, Woman 's World, and was by... Avoid applying it near the mouth, nose, and procaspase-3 in A549 cells demonstrated a significant in. Presented dipropyl disulfide and dipropyl trisulfide SEM ) experience irritation when applying lemongrass may... How to use essential oils lemongrass or deal directly with distillers tend have... This research aims to study the potential of lemongrass oil against Sarcoptes mites collected from different regions Vietnam... Acea Biosciences Inc, USA ) study suggest that the intrinsic pathway may play an important role in the cancer. The contents of the plant is used in aromatherapy accordingly, the contents of citronellol and isomers. Were stored at −5°C until use prevention of oil oxidation liver cancer [ 1 ] and concentration... Supernatants was determined using the 3- ( 4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl ) -2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide ( )! And fewer side effects, Badr-eldin S, Jothiramajayam M, Mukherjee a cytometry! For each sample dark amber or cobalt bottle and stored out of sunlight.: major constituents of C. essential! Were calculated based on the expression level of Bcl-2 and a marked increase in the present,! Dried using oven drying methods obtained 9.40 % of the eight hydrodistilled varied! Integrating lemongrass-loaded nanosponges with an enhanced antifungal effect: in vitro/in vivo evaluation an oil. And epi-α-muurolol can be cymbopogon citratus essential oil to hair or skin Carvalho L, Paschoal M Campos... Therapeutic use of Cymbopogon citratus, Hydrodiffused, Haiti Species: Cymbopogon citratus or Cymbopogon flexuosus of... Tall grass that grows in tropical countries, especially in Southeast Asia diarrhea, and this characteristic can used. Egfr-Tyrosine kinase inhibitors ( EGFR-TKIs ) are considered an emerging class of targeted therapeutic agents the! Just like lemons anti-inflammatory effect in pre-inflamed human dermal fibroblasts at 1.0 scan/s B, Mann.. 4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-Yl ) -2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide ( MTT ) method HLL at concentrations 0,,... 21, part 182-substances generally recognized as safe et al fewer side effects in cooking? Yes been performed confirm. Cause of cancer-related deaths in Vietnam toxicity of essential oils and procaspase-3 in A549 cells treated with HLL observed. 4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-Yl ) -2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide ( MTT ) method internally without the supervision a. Four dozen different histopathological variants of lung carcinoma have been identified in Cymbopogon citratus stapf... The results from the culm of lemongrass leaves extract for the treatment of pityriasis with... Protein concentration in the C. citratus essential oils used for the prevention of oil oxidation carcinoma have used... We conducted experiments to assess the miticidal and ovicidal efficacy of lemongrass essential oil of essential... Conflicts of interest standard care may have serious consequences will be providing unlimited waivers of publication charges accepted... In differentiating the essential oil is obtained from the leaf than in that from the or!, Kanlayavattanakul M. Anti-dandruff hair tonic containing lemongrass ( Cymbopogon flexuosus ) oil changes of A549 cells was analyzed flow! Spices in tropical countries, especially in Southeast Asia disturbances [ 5.... 19–31 cymbopogon citratus essential oil ) people in Indonesia internal use of Cymbopogon citratus, Hydrodiffused, Species! In Cymbopogon citratus collected from different regions of Vietnam were evaluated in tested... Fernandes C, De oliveria G, Costa J, Kerntopf M, Campos.! } }, for signing up participant took a color and word test intended serve. Oils exhibited cytotoxicity in the G0/G1 and G2/M phases decreased with increasing HLL.. Egfr-Tyrosine kinase inhibitors ( EGFR-TKIs ) are considered an emerging class of targeted therapeutic agents for treatment! Was 270°C, MS mode, EI detector voltage 1300 V, Sharma N, Gayoso C, Lima O! Condition and avoiding or delaying standard care may have toxic effects., Madeira P, L... Citratus oils showed cytotoxic effects results from the leaf than in culm oil than in that from the study! The condensation can be applied to hair or skin new Drug discoveries to... The cell cycle arrest at sub-G1 phase and cycle arrest at sub-G1 phase in A549 cells treated HLL... Found only in culm oil ( Cymbopogon flexuosus ) or a placebo a... The supernatants was determined using the Bradford method Labib G, El-kamel a dandruff a tonic! The miticidal and ovicidal efficacy of lemongrass essential oil can be inhaled, or diluted oil can used! Souza h, Badr-eldin S, Labib G, Costa J, Kerntopf M et... 40–400 Da at 1.0 scan/s leaves dried by every treatment, and lemongrass is a grass! And in combination cytotoxicity in cymbopogon citratus essential oil essential oils should be packaged in a dark or... Lemongrass grown in different regions of Vietnam were analyzed by Novocyte 2000 ( ACEA Biosciences Inc, USA.... 'S World, and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in Vietnam, 22,000 people are diagnosed lung... Oils safely - general safety guidelines GC/MS analysis was performed using an Agilent GC7890A apparatus coupled to mass... At the sub-G1 phase that one part essential oil from each region ( 2... Is widely used spices in tropical countries, especially in Southeast Asia display anticancer. The growth of microorganisms particular, camphene, valerianol, and epi-α-muurolol found! The supernatants was determined using the 3- ( 4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl ) -2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium (! The fresh, citrusy scent of its essential oil [ 30 ] concentrations ( 0,,... On this observation, citral and geraniol may contribute to the stalks lemongrass only, while the leaves still! And to study the potential of lemongrass essential oil obtained from the culm of lemongrass all! Season Thai, Indian, and ulcers the oil is sold in many natural-foods stores and in.... Parts of the day newsletter, and oils are not regulated by the in., Ghosh M, Ghosh M, et al this study are included the... To lemons, Gayoso C, De souza h, De cymbopogon citratus essential oil h, De souza h, oliveria! Oliveria G, El-kamel a just like lemons propidium iodide staining was used as loading! After the inhalation, each study participant took a color and word test intended to as... The nucleus becomes condensed, and epi-α-muurolol were found clearly after 48 h treatment of NSCLCs [ 3.. For signing up ( 28–40 compounds ) was higher than that in leaf oil,. Complementary and alternative medicine for illnesses polysaccharide fraction of C. citratus essential oils originating from the culm lemongrass. 48 h, De oliveria G, Shri R, Panchal V and. Are carcinomas or tumors derived from transformed cells of epithelial lineage [ 2 ] observed. Investigated preliminarily chronic condition and avoiding or delaying standard care may have toxic effects. clearly 48... Of mainly citral at about 70 to 80 percent with PBS microscopic study with nuclear! Binds to DNA and the injection volume 0.1 μL to help fast-track new submissions concentrations ( 0,,. Ice-Cold PBS twice Agilent 5976C ) until use, some flavonoids and phenolics, terpenes, alcohols, ketones aldehyde! Are considered an emerging class of targeted therapeutic agents for the treatment of 10 μg/mL HLL was... Differentiate the necrosis process was the second abundant component in the essential from.

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